作者 ｜
張維安(清華大學社會人類學研究所)
摘要 ｜
本文的主要目的在於從我們視之為當然的生活世界的反省，來檢討兩性關係合理化的問題，這個問題在社會結構面的研究和努力已經有相當的成就，但是從日用而不自知的生活世界作反省的還不夠。以這個議題為主線，全文分析除前言和結論外分為三個主要部份:第二節，分析的觀點與方法:主要是陳述社會實體的建構性特質，以及社會現象學如何看待生活世界的立場，並交代所分析的資料來源和分析方式。第三節，「社會性」的教育，主要是分析我們社會中與兩性相關的民間習及相關的意識型態，指出這些都是以男性為中心的主張，女性處於較為不利的地位。第四節，主要是從社會的觀點來看我們的社會「性教育」現象，本文認為我們的性教育有一大部份來自於「異端」與「非正式」的管道，它們傳播的也是男性中心的性觀念。
關鍵字 ｜
生活世界、兩性不平等、兩性與社會
Title ｜
LIFE WORLD AND GENDER INEQUALITY
Author ｜
Wei-an Chang(Institute of Sociology and Anthropology, National Tsinghua University)
Abstract ｜
The main purpose of this paper is to describe the underlying structureof gender inequality in Taiwan culture. I believe that discussing the gender inequality in culture or folklore is helpful to dispel the myths of gender relationship in society. The methods that will be used to discuss this issues will include interviews with people under the age 40, as well as using literature material to discover the folklore in people’s common knowledge. This paper will attempt to find out whether people are going to say that males and females are equal, and how the strong patriarchy tradition affects gender inequality.
The main body of this paper is divided into three parts: the first will describe that the significance of life world in discussion of gender relationship; the second part will analyze the culture and folklore of common knowledge in Taiwan, with the patriarchal tradition still dominating; and the last part will analyze the common sexual knowledge of people. The sexual knowledge of Taiwanese is different from that of Westerners. Most Taiwanese are familiar with the Chinese Yin/Yang tradition, which is the base of male-central thought. This tradition pays attention only to the male’s concern, the social effect of Yin/Yang tradition on gender inequality is very significant.
Keywords ｜
life world, gender inequality, gender and society