作者 ｜
譚少薇(香港中文大學人類學系)
摘要 ｜
本文以「結構化」理論為出發點，討論深圳經濟特區內蛇口工業區的女工的各種社會關係。女工作為「能知」的媒體，活動於複雜文化環境的各種資源與規條之間，其中包括社會上和車間裏的階級和地域群體，以及跨國企業建於中國父權制度上的剝削手段。這些因素體現於女工對家庭和車間內權威的服從和作為為女性對自身及婚姻的看法。在這個指涉框內，女工不斷重估自己的價值觀以及事業與婚姻的前景，並由此而衍生強烈的無安全感。
關鍵字 ｜
女工，結構化，經濟特區
Title ｜
Class and Patriarchal Relations in Shekou: A Structurationist View
Author ｜
Siu-Mi Tam(Department of Anthropology, Chinese University of Hong Kong)
Abstract ｜
This paper uses a structurationist approach in discussing different forms of social relations that are significant to women workers in Shekou Industrial Zone, Shenzhen, China. The constraints and resources affecting individuals come from various sources and constitute a complex environment in which workers as knowledgeable agents move. These include the structuration of class in the workplace and in the larger society of Shekou Industrial Zone (SKIZ), and the formation of salient regional groups in the workers’ everyday locales of activities. Exploitative measures at the workplace have been re-introduced by multinational corporations through the connaivance of the industrial zone authorities, building on traditional Chinese patriarchy. Docile submission by female workers to authority in the workplace and in the family, and women’s view of themselves and marriage, all point to the tight grasp of patriarchal gender relations. Within this frame of reference, women workers constantly reformulate their value orientation and calculate the prospects of a self-chosen career and marriage. A sense of insecurity is keenly felt as a result of being torn by all these forces.
Keywords ｜
Women, Workers, Structuration, Special economic zones