作者 ｜
石之瑜(台灣大學政治系)
摘要 ｜
當代政治科學方法隱含了強烈的男性觀點，因此對於政治科學化有不切實際的期望，與不可逃避的僵化。在此，女性主義的思潮，對於政治學界的科學迷信，當有所助益。女性的政治學方法，主張研究者學習採用行為者的角度看問題，因而能對行為者的終極關懷，以及行為時所處的特殊情境，有心領神會的的效果。而這種能力的培養，必須靠對研究對象(人、組織或社會)的理解，這包括她的歷史背景，語言結構和現實考量在內。因此而得出的體會，透過類比模型來表達要勝過透過變數模型來表達，因為前者是以被研究對象為主要關切，後者是以研究者自己的理論建構為主要關切。依照女性主義的知識論，一項全面性的知識，不僅要考慮被研究者的觀點，也必須說明研究結果對於被研究者的政治與社會地位的影響。
關鍵字 ｜
女性主義、政治學、方法學、知識論、社會科學、國家
Title ｜
A FEMINIST CRITIQUE OF POLITICALSCIENCE METHODOLOGY
Author ｜
Chih-yu Shih(Institute of Political Science, National Taiwan University)
Abstract ｜
Contemporary political science research has a strong men’s bias. The behavioral studies of politics produce pseudo-scientific terminology and cognitive incapacity in current scholarship. Feminist perspectives of politics empathize with the “objects” of the study in order to appreciate the inner source of motivation behind each political act. This feminist methodology requires an willingness on the part of the researcher to learn the life experiences of those under study. In this regard, this article contends that “analogy” as a scientific metaphor is much more appropriate than as a “statistical correlation.” “Analogy” does not have to exclude the centrality of the objects in constructing knowledge while “correlation” does. Finally, a feminist epistemology would also require the creation of knowledge to include its effect on the objects of research from the objects’ standpoints.
Keywords ｜
feminism, political science,methodology, epistemology, social science, state