作者 ｜
謝若蘭(亞歷桑納州立大學司法學碩士班)
摘要 ｜
自由派女性主義者認為女性與男性的人性本質在基本土是一樣的，例如個別化、理性、自主、競爭性等等。不過，女性主義者們認為人們並沒有給予女性同等於男性的機會去發展與追求個人的與趣。基本上，自由派女性主義者視女性為弱勢團體，因為一般社會化過程導向是使女性不同於男性，而女性們又被一些有型或無型的歧視給限制著發展空間。自由派女性主義者確信所有一切給與 “個人”的優越及權勢應不分性別，一律平等且自由的發展。
自由派女性主義者因之鼓勵女人應該像男人一樣去發展其個別化、競爭性及果斷性來達到真正平等的人權，而這個目標的達成便能提供女性亦享有由男性慣有的特權優勢。筆者於本文中將先介紹自由派女性主義的思想發展、提倡及爭取的目標、以及其缺失。
然後藉由兩位古典女音樂家的生平研究來探討自由派女性主義的提倡如何影響她們進入原先被父權所掌控的古典樂界。
關鍵字 ｜
自由派女性主義、人本天性、公共/私人領域、平等權利
Title ｜
LIBERAL FEMINIST THOUGHT AND ITS IMPACT ON CLASSICAL MUSIC
Author ｜
JoIan HsIeh(Graduate student, Arizona State University, USA)
Abstract ｜
Liberal feminists consider that men’s and women’s human nature are basically the same: individualistic, rational, selfish and competitive. They argue that women are not given the same opportunities as men to pursue their individual interests. Basically, liberal feminists view women as a group primarily blocked by informal and formal discrimination, and also by socialization that prepares women differently from men. They believe that the privileges, rights, and powers that give individuals the chance to pursue fulfillment are necessary for women as well as for men. To achieve this goal, liberal feminists encourage women to become more like men, that is, to become more assertive, competitive, and individualistic; this should then enable women to enjoy the same privileges.
This paper will illustrate the sources, major focuses, goals, and shortcomings of liberal feminist thought. Then through brief case studies on the lives of Ethel Smyth and Amy Marcy Beach, I will attempt to interpret how they successfully entered a traditionally male dominated field through liberal feminists avocation. The impact of liberal feminism, undoubtedly, has effected the recognition of more female artists in the music field.
Keywords ｜
liberal feminism, human nature, public/private sphere, equal opportunities.