作者 |

李慧欐(伊利諾大學香檳分校教育政策研究所)

摘要 |

 本文討論美國女性環保主義者陸瑟(Ruether)、孟立特(Merchant)及葛瑞(Gray)的主要理論;作者指出自然之女性化並非泛文化之現象,女環保主義的理論之周延性有待加強。另外,部分女環保主義者將環保問題全歸諸於男女性別區分之極端化,此一趨向實不足以解釋環保問題之複雜性。雖然如此,自然之女性化顯示男性的文化統馭權,而且父系社會對於女性及自然環境之壓制確實有對稱及類似之處,這是推行環保運動所不可疏忽的。

Title |

WOMAN AND NATURE: REFLECTIONS ON THE EMERGENCE OF ECOFEMINISM

Author |

Huey-li Li(Graduate Student, Department of Educational Policy Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)

Abstract |

In this paper, I offer a cross-cultural examination of the three different explanatory accounts of the conceptual connections between the oppression of women and the oppression of nature proposed by Ruether, Merchant, and Gray. I argue that their arguments are not universally valid because they overlook the non-Western cultural perception of male-female and culture-nature relations. However, I find that the perception of woman/nature affinity in the West reveals male hegemony over culture formation and that there are parallels between the operation of sexual oppression and the human exploitation of nature. Nevertheless, I disagree with a reductionistic approach in ecofeminist theorizing which underestimates the complexity of environmental problems.

Keywords |

Ecofeminism, Ecological feminism, Feminized nature

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婦女與環境: 女性生態學的省思