作者 ｜
曾天富(政治大學韓國語文學系)
摘要 ｜
本文的寫作目的，在於考察九○年代韓國女性小說所呈現的自我認同方式。九○年代以來，女性作家和女性小說大量湧現，得到各種文學獎，並受到讀者熱烈的迴響，一時之間成為韓國文壇的一大盛事。由於韓國文壇一直是由男性作家主導，因此九○年代以來女性作家的登場，以及她們亮眼的成績，遂而在韓國文學界和女性學界，掀起了探究和分析此種現象緣由的風潮。
九○年代女性小說能浮上檯面，主要係受到女性讀者廣泛回應的影響所致，這又說明女性作家和女性讀者之間，在女性經驗的基礎上，不僅搭起了溝通的機制，而且也成功地創造了將女性個人經驗搬到公共領域上的契機。
儘管個別作家之間有些差異，但整體來說，九○年代的韓國女性小說，可以說是在歷經長久以來階級觀念、序列意識瀰漫充斥於整個社會，因而飽受煎熬與痛苦之後，在女性的自我意識基礎上，所提出的抗拒與不滿情緒宣洩等的複雜心理呈現。這些心理反應，又與當代女性讀者的經驗，緊密地連結在一起，並得到她們的共鳴。因此，可以這麼說，九○年代的女性讀者，是在自身的經驗基礎上進行閱讀，她們認為自己的經驗不只是個人的，而且是帶有共同的、社會的經驗性質。也就因為如此，它讓九○年代成為女性創造出用女性視角呈現女性經驗的女性論述，並與女性讀者成功溝通，進而使得女性論述得以更加活潑展開的時期。
本文以韓國的代表性女性作家申京淑與殷熙耕的四篇小說為對象，考察在日常和欲望受到肯定和重視的九○年代，現代韓國女性所處的存在狀況，以及她們的自我認同方式。
這些考察，不僅能提供臺灣文學界了解當代韓國文學面貌的機會，而且這些同在高度發展的資本主義文明下，接受高等教育的韓國當代女性的生活面貌和意識樣態，相信也可以拿來作為我們參照當代台灣女性的生活樣態，並進而協助我們更能掌握具有共同傳統束縛的東亞國家的現代女性問題。
關鍵字 ｜
九○年代韓國文學 女性小說 韓國小說 申京淑 殷熙耕 孤立化
Title ｜
In Response to An Isolated Society: Self-identification in the Feminist Novels by Shin Kyoung-suuk and Eun Hee-kyung
Author ｜
Tien-Fu Tseng(Department of Korean Language and Culture National Chengchi University)
Abstract ｜
The purpose of this study is to explore the presentation of selfidentification in Korean feminist novels of the 1990s. During this period, the number of female writers greatly increased and a considerable number of feminist novels began to appear. Many female novelists garnered praise and received abundant feedback from their readers. This was a significant phenomenon in Korean literary circles at the time. Before this period, Korean literature was dominated by males. Thus, the emergence of female writers in the 1990s, coupled with their notable achievements, has been widely discussed and analyzed by Korean literary and feminist scholars.
The rise and growing popularity of feminist novels of the 1990s are primarily the result of extensive feedback from women readers. This also indicates that female writers have not only connected with women readers based on common experiences, but have also successfully transformed their personal experiences into published works.
Despite the slight differences between individual writers, Korean feminist novels of the 1990s generally present women’s complex psychological state that results from a mixture of rejection and dissatisfaction , after having suffered torture and pain imposed by a society which adheres to hierarchy and ranking. These psychological reactions are combined with the experiences of local women readers to generate empathy. In other words, women readers in the 1990s read the literary works through their personal experiences. They regarded their experiences to be commonly shared within society instead of being personal. This background allowed females in the 1990s to create female discourses that present female experiences from a woman’s perspective and to successfully connect with women readers, thus creating an era for female discourses to flourish.
The four novels by the representative female novelists in Korea, Shin Kyoung-suuk and Eun Hee-kyung, are discussed in this study. Specifically, the author aims to explore the position of Korean women and the way they identified themselves in the 1990s, a time when women and their desire were increasingly recognized and emphasized.
This study will provide an opportunity for literary scholars in Taiwan to better understand contemporary Korean literature. Moreover, it is believed that the lives and ideology of modern, highly-educated women in Korea reflect the lives of modern Taiwanese women given the similar advancement of capitalism and civilization in both countries, It is the author’s hope that this study will help scholars better understand the unique issues women face in East Asian countrieswith similar traditions and limitations.
Keywords ｜
Korean literature of the 1990s, feminist novels, Korean novels, Shin Kyoung-suuk, Eun Hee-kyung, isolation